/* ============================================================
   THE LEVI LAB — Main Stylesheet
   ============================================================ */

/* Google Fonts */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Cormorant+Garamond:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,300;1,400;1,500&family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700&display=swap');

/* ============================================================
   CUSTOM PROPERTIES
   ============================================================ */
:root {
  --primary:        #1B3B2F;
  --primary-dark:   #0F1E17;
  --primary-light:  #2D5A47;
  --accent:         #C8963C;
  --accent-light:   #E8C47A;
  --cream:          #F7F3EC;
  --warm-white:     #FDFAF6;
  --text-dark:      #0F1E17;
  --text-body:      #2C3E35;
  --text-muted:     #6B8070;
  --border:         #D4E0D9;
  --shadow-sm:      0 2px 8px rgba(15,30,23,0.08);
  --shadow:         0 4px 24px rgba(15,30,23,0.12);
  --shadow-lg:      0 16px 56px rgba(15,30,23,0.2);
  --transition:     all 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --nav-height:     80px;
  --max-width:      1240px;
  --radius:         6px;
  --radius-lg:      12px;
}

/* ============================================================
   RESET & BASE
   ============================================================ */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }

body {
  font-family: 'Inter', system-ui, sans-serif;
  color: var(--text-body);
  background: var(--warm-white);
  line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img, video { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
ul { list-style: none; }
button { cursor: pointer; border: none; background: none; font-family: inherit; }

/* ============================================================
   TYPOGRAPHY
   ============================================================ */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

h1 { font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 6vw, 5rem); font-weight: 500; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem); font-weight: 500; }
h3 { font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.5vw, 1.9rem); font-weight: 500; }
h4 { font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; }
h5 { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; }

p { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.lead {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-body);
  font-weight: 300;
}

.eyebrow {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ============================================================
   LAYOUT
   ============================================================ */
.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

.section {
  padding: 6rem 0;
}

.section--dark {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: var(--cream);
}

.section--dark h1,
.section--dark h2,
.section--dark h3,
.section--dark h4 {
  color: var(--warm-white);
}

.section--dark p,
.section--dark .lead {
  color: rgba(248,244,238,0.8);
}

.section--cream {
  background: var(--cream);
}

.section--green {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--cream);
}

.section--green h1,
.section--green h2,
.section--green h3 {
  color: var(--warm-white);
}

.section-header {
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.section-header--center {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto 3.5rem;
}

.grid-2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.grid-3 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.grid-4 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }

/* ============================================================
   BUTTONS
   ============================================================ */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.85rem 2rem;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: var(--transition);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.btn--primary {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}
.btn--primary:hover { background: var(--accent-light); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }

.btn--outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
}
.btn--outline:hover { border-color: var(--warm-white); background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }

.btn--outline-dark {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--primary);
  border: 2px solid var(--primary);
}
.btn--outline-dark:hover { background: var(--primary); color: var(--warm-white); }

.btn--ghost {
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn--ghost:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--accent); }

/* ============================================================
   NAVIGATION
   ============================================================ */
.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  height: var(--nav-height);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.nav--transparent {
  background: transparent;
}

.nav--solid {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}

.nav__inner {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.nav__logo {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1;
}

.nav__logo-name {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.nav__logo-sub {
  font-size: 0.625rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.nav__links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.nav__link {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  padding: 0.5rem 0.85rem;
  border-radius: 3px;
  transition: var(--transition);
  position: relative;
}

.nav__link:hover,
.nav__link.active {
  color: var(--accent-light);
}

.nav__link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0.85rem;
  right: 0.85rem;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.nav__link:hover::after,
.nav__link.active::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

/* Dropdown */
.nav__item { position: relative; }

.nav__dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 8px);
  left: 0;
  min-width: 280px;
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  transition: var(--transition);
  padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.nav__item:hover .nav__dropdown {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.nav__dropdown-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.65rem 1.25rem;
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.nav__dropdown-link:hover {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
  color: var(--accent-light);
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

/* Hamburger */
.nav__hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  padding: 8px;
}

.nav__hamburger span {
  width: 24px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--warm-white);
  transition: var(--transition);
  display: block;
}

.nav__hamburger.open span:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(45deg) translate(5px, 5px); }
.nav__hamburger.open span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.nav__hamburger.open span:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(5px, -5px); }

/* Mobile nav */
.nav__mobile {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  top: var(--nav-height);
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  padding: 1rem 0 2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  z-index: 999;
}

.nav__mobile.open { display: block; }

.nav__mobile-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.85rem 2rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.nav__mobile-link:hover { color: var(--accent-light); padding-left: 2.5rem; }

.nav__mobile-sublabel {
  padding: 0.5rem 2rem 0.25rem;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.nav__mobile-sublink {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.5rem 3rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.nav__mobile-sublink:hover { color: var(--accent-light); }

/* ============================================================
   HERO
   ============================================================ */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  height: 100vh;
  min-height: 600px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--primary-dark);
}

.hero__video-wrap {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
}

.hero__video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  opacity: 0.65;
}

.hero__overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    160deg,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.7) 0%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.4) 50%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.8) 100%
  );
}

.hero__content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  max-width: 900px;
}

.hero__eyebrow {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-light);
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  display: block;
}

.hero__title {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 9vw, 7rem);
  font-weight: 300;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.hero__title strong {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-light);
}

.hero__subtitle {
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.25rem);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.hero__actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero__scroll {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 2.5rem;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  animation: bounce 2s infinite;
}

.hero__scroll svg { opacity: 0.5; }

@keyframes bounce {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); }
  50% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(8px); }
}

/* Page hero (non-home) */
.page-hero {
  padding-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 4rem);
  padding-bottom: 4rem;
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: var(--warm-white);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.page-hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 70% 50%, rgba(200,150,60,0.15) 0%, transparent 60%);
}

.page-hero .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.page-hero__eyebrow {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: block;
}

.page-hero h1 {
  color: var(--warm-white);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page-hero .lead {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
  max-width: 640px;
}

/* ============================================================
   ABOUT / INTRO STRIP
   ============================================================ */
.intro-strip {
  padding: 5rem 0;
  background: var(--warm-white);
}

.intro-strip__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr;
  gap: 5rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.intro-strip__stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.stat {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  padding-left: 1rem;
}

.stat__number {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 2.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary);
  line-height: 1;
}

.stat__label {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.intro-strip__image-wrap {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 4/3;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.intro-strip__image-wrap img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.intro-strip__image-caption {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: 1.25rem;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(15,30,23,0.8));
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ============================================================
   RESEARCH CARDS (homepage)
   ============================================================ */
.research-cards {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
}

.research-card {
  position: relative;
  height: 420px;
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
  flex: 1;
}

.research-card__bg {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  transition: transform 0.6s ease;
}

.research-card:hover .research-card__bg {
  transform: scale(1.08);
}

.research-card__overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.95) 0%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.5) 50%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.2) 100%
  );
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.research-card:hover .research-card__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.98) 0%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.7) 60%,
    rgba(15,30,23,0.35) 100%
  );
}

.research-card__content {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.research-card__icon {
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: block;
}

.research-card__title {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.research-card__desc {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
  line-height: 1.6;
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: max-height 0.4s ease, opacity 0.4s ease;
  opacity: 0;
}

.research-card:hover .research-card__desc {
  max-height: 150px;
  opacity: 1;
}

.research-card__link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--accent-light);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(8px);
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease, transform 0.4s ease;
}

.research-card:hover .research-card__link {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ============================================================
   VIDEO GALLERY
   ============================================================ */
.video-gallery {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  padding: 6rem 0;
}

.video-gallery__header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.video-gallery__header h2 { color: var(--warm-white); }
.video-gallery__header .eyebrow { color: var(--accent); }
.video-gallery__header p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); max-width: 540px; margin: 1rem auto 0; }

.video-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 260px 260px;
  gap: 8px;
}

.video-item {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: #000;
  cursor: pointer;
  /* rendered as <button> so it is keyboard-operable — strip UA chrome */
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  text-align: left;
  appearance: none;
  -webkit-appearance: none;
}

.video-item:first-child {
  grid-row: span 2;
}

.video-item video,
.video-item img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.6s ease;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.video-item:hover video,
.video-item:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.04);
  opacity: 1;
}

.video-item__overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(15,30,23,0.8) 0%, transparent 50%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  padding: 1.25rem;
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.video-item:hover .video-item__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(15,30,23,0.6) 0%, transparent 40%);
}

.video-item__label {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.video-item__play {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  width: 52px;
  height: 52px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
  border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  transition: var(--transition);
  opacity: 0;
}

.video-item:hover .video-item__play {
  opacity: 1;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.25);
}

/* Lightbox */
.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2000;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.95);
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 2rem;
}

.lightbox.open { display: flex; }

.lightbox__inner {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1100px;
  aspect-ratio: 16/9;
}

.lightbox__inner video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.lightbox__close {
  position: absolute;
  top: -3rem;
  right: 0;
  color: white;
  font-size: 2rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0.7;
  transition: opacity 0.2s;
}

.lightbox__close:hover { opacity: 1; }

/* ============================================================
   PUBLICATIONS (homepage strip)
   ============================================================ */
.pub-strip { padding: 6rem 0; }

.pub-strip__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
  gap: 5rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.pub-strip__sidebar h2 { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.pub-strip__sidebar p { color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 2rem; }

.pub-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem; }

.pub-item {
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.pub-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.pub-item__year {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.pub-item__title {
  font-size: 0.975rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.pub-item__authors {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.pub-item__journal {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ============================================================
   PEOPLE CARDS
   ============================================================ */
.people-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.75rem;
}

.person-card {
  background: var(--warm-white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  transition: var(--transition);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.person-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.person-card__photo {
  aspect-ratio: 3/4;
  background: var(--cream);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.person-card__photo img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.person-card:hover .person-card__photo img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.person-card__photo-placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light), var(--primary));
}

.person-card__photo-placeholder svg {
  opacity: 0.35;
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
}

.person-card__info {
  padding: 1.25rem;
}

.person-card__name {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.person-card__role {
  font-size: 0.775rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: block;
}

.person-card__bio {
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Featured PI card */
.pi-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 320px 1fr;
  gap: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.pi-card__photo {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--primary);
}

.pi-card__photo img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
}

.pi-card__info {
  padding: 3rem;
  background: var(--warm-white);
}

.pi-card__badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.pi-card__name {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.pi-card__title {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.pi-card__bio {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-body);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.pi-card__links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* People section headers */
.people-section { margin-bottom: 4rem; }

.people-section__header {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary);
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.people-section__title {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--primary);
}

.people-section__count {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* ============================================================
   RESEARCH PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.research-tabs {
  background: var(--cream);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  position: sticky;
  top: var(--nav-height);
  z-index: 100;
}

.research-tabs__inner {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
}

.research-tab {
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: all 0.2s;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.research-tab:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

.research-section {
  padding: 5rem 0;
}

.research-section:nth-child(even) {
  background: var(--cream);
}

.research-section__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 5rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.research-section:nth-child(even) .research-section__inner {
  direction: rtl;
}

.research-section:nth-child(even) .research-section__text {
  direction: ltr;
}

.research-section:nth-child(even) .research-section__media {
  direction: ltr;
}

.research-section__number {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: rgba(27,59,47,0.08);
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: -1rem;
  display: block;
}

.research-section__tag {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.research-section h2 { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }

.research-section__media {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 4/3;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.research-section__media img,
.research-section__media video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.research-section__media video {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* ============================================================
   PUBLICATIONS PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.pub-page { padding: 5rem 0; }

.pub-controls {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.pub-search {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 280px;
  position: relative;
}

.pub-search input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem 0.75rem 2.75rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  background: var(--warm-white);
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.pub-search input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(27,59,47,0.08);
}

.pub-search__icon {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0.85rem;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.pub-year-filters {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.pub-year-btn {
  padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  background: var(--warm-white);
  transition: var(--transition);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.pub-year-btn:hover,
.pub-year-btn.active {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--warm-white);
  border-color: var(--primary);
}

.pub-year-group { margin-bottom: 3rem; }

.pub-year-group__header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary);
}

.pub-year-group__year {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary);
}

.pub-year-group__count {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.pub-year-group__toggle {
  margin-left: auto;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: transform 0.3s;
}

.pub-year-group.collapsed .pub-year-group__toggle {
  transform: rotate(-90deg);
}

.pub-year-group__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
}

.pub-year-group.collapsed .pub-year-group__list {
  display: none;
}

.pub-entry {
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 0.3rem;
  transition: var(--transition);
}

.pub-entry:hover { padding-left: 0.5rem; }

.pub-entry__title {
  font-size: 0.975rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.pub-entry__authors {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pub-entry__authors .lab-member {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary);
}

.pub-entry__journal {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-style: italic;
}

.pub-entry__journal .journal-name {
  font-style: italic;
}

.pub-count {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* ============================================================
   SOFTWARE PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.software-cards {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(400px, 1fr));
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: 3rem;
}

.software-card {
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--warm-white);
  transition: var(--transition);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.software-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.software-card__header {
  background: var(--primary);
  padding: 2rem;
  color: var(--warm-white);
}

.software-card__icon {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: block;
}

.software-card__name {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.software-card__version {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--accent-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.software-card__body {
  padding: 2rem;
}

.software-card__desc {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-body);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.software-card__pubs {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
}

.software-card__pubs-label {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: block;
}

.software-card__pub {
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.software-card__actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

/* ============================================================
   JOIN US PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.join-hero-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 400px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  margin-top: 3rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.join-section { padding: 5rem 0; }

.join-section:nth-child(even) { background: var(--cream); }

.join-columns {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  margin-top: 3rem;
}

.join-card {
  background: var(--warm-white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.join-card__icon {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  display: block;
}

.join-card h3 { margin-bottom: 1rem; color: var(--primary); }

.join-card ul {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.join-card li {
  font-size: 0.925rem;
  color: var(--text-body);
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  position: relative;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.join-card li::before {
  content: '→';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.contact-block {
  background: var(--primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 3rem;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  margin-top: 3rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.contact-block h3 { color: var(--warm-white); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.contact-block p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }

.contact-info { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; }

.contact-info-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.contact-info-item__label {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  min-width: 80px;
  padding-top: 2px;
}

.contact-info-item__value {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
}

/* ============================================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.footer {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  padding: 5rem 0 2rem;
}

.footer__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.footer__brand-name {
  font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--warm-white);
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.footer__brand-dept {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.footer__tagline {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
}

.footer__col h5 {
  color: var(--warm-white);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.footer__col ul { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.6rem; }

.footer__col li a {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.footer__col li a:hover { color: var(--accent-light); }

.footer__bottom {
  padding-top: 2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
}

/* ============================================================
   ANIMATIONS
   ============================================================ */
/* Gated on .js — nothing else would ever remove opacity:0, so without
   scripting the whole page would render blank. */
.js .fade-in {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s ease, transform 0.7s ease;
}

.js .fade-in.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.js .fade-in-delay-1 { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.js .fade-in-delay-2 { transition-delay: 0.2s; }
.js .fade-in-delay-3 { transition-delay: 0.3s; }
.js .fade-in-delay-4 { transition-delay: 0.4s; }

/* ============================================================
   DONATE BUTTON
   ============================================================ */
.btn--donate {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 1.1rem;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: var(--transition);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.btn--donate:hover {
  background: var(--accent-light);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(200,150,60,0.35);
}
.btn--donate svg { flex-shrink: 0; }

/* Donate hero strip */
.donate-strip {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent) 0%, #a87020 100%);
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
}
.donate-strip .container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.donate-strip__text {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}
.donate-strip__text strong { font-weight: 700; }

/* Flagship project card */
.flagship-card {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  margin: 4rem 0;
}
.flagship-card__media {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 380px;
}
.flagship-card__media video,
.flagship-card__media img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  opacity: 0.75;
}
.flagship-card__media-overlay {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, transparent 60%, var(--primary-dark));
}
.flagship-card__content {
  padding: 3rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}
.flagship-card__badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  width: fit-content;
}
.flagship-card h3 {
  color: var(--warm-white);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.5vw, 2rem);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.flagship-card p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.flagship-card__actions { display: flex; gap: 0.75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 0.5rem; }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .flagship-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .flagship-card__media { min-height: 240px; }
  .flagship-card__media-overlay { background: linear-gradient(to top, var(--primary-dark) 0%, transparent 60%); }
}

/* Pub title links */
.pub-title-link {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.pub-title-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

/* ============================================================
   UTILITIES
   ============================================================ */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.text-muted { color: var(--text-muted); }
.mb-1 { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.mb-2 { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.mb-3 { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.mb-4 { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.mt-2 { margin-top: 1rem; }
.mt-3 { margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.mt-4 { margin-top: 2rem; }
.divider {
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--border);
  margin: 3rem 0;
}

/* ============================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .research-cards { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .research-cards .research-card:nth-child(4),
  .research-cards .research-card:nth-child(5) {
    display: none;
  }
  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  :root { --nav-height: 68px; }

  .nav__links { display: none; }
  .nav__hamburger { display: flex; }

  .hero__title { font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 8vw, 4.5rem); }

  .intro-strip__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
  .intro-strip__image-wrap { aspect-ratio: 16/9; }

  .research-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .research-cards .research-card { display: block; }

  .video-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    grid-template-rows: auto;
  }
  .video-item:first-child { grid-row: span 1; }

  .pub-strip__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }

  .pi-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pi-card__photo { aspect-ratio: 16/9; }

  .research-section__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
  .research-section:nth-child(even) .research-section__inner { direction: ltr; }

  .join-columns { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .contact-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }

  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .footer__bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; text-align: center; }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  :root { --nav-height: 64px; }

  .section { padding: 4rem 0; }
  .container { padding: 0 1.25rem; }

  .hero__actions { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }

  .research-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-card { height: 320px; }

  .video-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .people-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(160px, 1fr)); }

  .grid-2, .grid-3, .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .pub-controls { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
  .pub-search { min-width: auto; }

  .software-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ============================================================
   THEME TOGGLE BUTTON
   ============================================================ */
.theme-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.07);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.72);
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.67rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: var(--transition);
  white-space: nowrap;
  margin-left: 0.2rem;
}

.theme-toggle:hover {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
  color: white;
}

.theme-toggle__swatch {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  background: var(--accent);
  display: inline-block;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.25);
}

/* ============================================================
   OSU THEME  — Oregon State University orange + black
   Toggle via <html data-theme="osu">
   ============================================================ */
[data-theme="osu"] {
  --primary:        #2C2C2C;   /* charcoal — dark section backgrounds */
  --primary-dark:   #111111;   /* near-black — nav, page-hero */
  --primary-light:  #454545;   /* medium dark — hover states */
  --accent:         #D73F09;   /* Beaver Orange */
  --accent-light:   #F05A28;   /* lighter orange — hover highlights */
  --cream:          #F8F5F2;
  --warm-white:     #FFFFFF;
  --text-dark:      #111111;
  --text-body:      #383838;
  --text-muted:     #888888;
  --border:         #E0DADA;
  --shadow-sm:      0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
  --shadow:         0 4px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  --shadow-lg:      0 16px 56px rgba(0,0,0,0.24);
}

/* Override hardcoded rgba(15,30,23,…) forest-green overlays */
[data-theme="osu"] .hero__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(
    160deg,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.72) 0%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.42) 50%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.78) 100%
  );
}

[data-theme="osu"] .research-card__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.95) 0%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.50) 50%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.20) 100%
  );
}

[data-theme="osu"] .research-card:hover .research-card__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.98) 0%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.70) 60%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.35) 100%
  );
}

[data-theme="osu"] .video-item__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.82) 0%, transparent 52%);
}

[data-theme="osu"] .video-item:hover .video-item__overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.62) 0%, transparent 42%);
}

[data-theme="osu"] .intro-strip__image-caption {
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0,0,0,0.82));
}

[data-theme="osu"] .page-hero::before {
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 70% 50%, rgba(215,63,9,0.18) 0%, transparent 60%);
}

[data-theme="osu"] .pub-search input:focus {
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(215,63,9,0.12);
}

/* ============================================================
   ACCESSIBILITY & MOTION  (added in pre-launch review)
   ============================================================ */

/* Anchor targets sat under the fixed navbar when linked to directly —
   e.g. every research.html#... link in the nav dropdown and footer. */
[id] { scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 1rem); }

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 999;
  background: var(--primary);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0.85rem 1.4rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius) 0;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0; }

/* Visible keyboard focus. Mouse users never see it. */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--accent, #c8a951);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

/* The Open Science panel used an inline 1fr 1fr grid, which no media query
   could override — it stayed two columns and squeezed on phones. */
.open-science-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  align-items: center;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .open-science-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  .js .fade-in,
  .js .fade-in.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}

/* ============================================================
   TOUCH DEVICES
   The research-card descriptions, their "Learn more" links, and the
   gallery play buttons were revealed on :hover only. A phone or tablet
   never fires hover, so that content was simply unreachable there —
   show it permanently when the pointer cannot hover.
   ============================================================ */
@media (hover: none) {
  .research-card__desc {
    max-height: 150px;
    opacity: 1;
  }
  .research-card__link {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  .video-item__play {
    opacity: 1;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
  }
  .video-item__overlay { opacity: 1; }
}

/* ============================================================
   PUBLICATIONS — RESEARCH-AREA FILTER BANNER
   ============================================================ */
.pub-topic-banner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.35rem;
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--warm-white);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
}
.pub-topic-banner[hidden] { display: none; }
.pub-topic-banner__text {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}
.pub-topic-banner__label {
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-light);
}
.pub-topic-banner__text strong { font-size: 1.02rem; }
.pub-topic-banner__text span:last-child {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
}
.pub-topic-banner__clear {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-light);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color var(--transition, 0.2s);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.pub-topic-banner__clear:hover,
.pub-topic-banner__clear:focus-visible { border-bottom-color: var(--accent-light); }

/* Inline citation links inside research-area prose */
.pub-ref {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.pub-ref:hover,
.pub-ref:focus-visible { border-bottom-color: currentColor; }

/* Citation appended to a research-area bullet */
.pub-cite {
  display: inline;
  font-size: 0.86em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.pub-cite::before { content: "— "; color: var(--text-muted); }
.pub-cite .pub-ref + .pub-ref::before { content: ", "; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* ============================================================
   JOIN PAGE — FUNDING CALLOUT
   The single most consequential thing a prospective student
   needs to know, so it is a callout rather than a footnote.
   ============================================================ */
.funding-note {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  padding: 1.15rem 1.35rem 1.25rem;
  background: var(--cream);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius) var(--radius) 0;
}
.funding-note__label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.funding-note p {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-body);
  margin: 0 0 0.7rem;
}
.funding-note p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.funding-note strong { color: var(--primary); font-weight: 600; }